b. The first one is a example representation visual design meaning. This oil painting gives the visual message of village life through how we recognize the environment of this painting. We saw this oil paint and through recognize what is reporting back to us. It is direct reporting the life and environment of village. It carries large amount of information through representation. The level of categorization is representing the village cottages.
The second one is a example of abstract. Abstract is a process of distillation. It reduces the meaning in multiple factors and only the most typical will be represented. In this case, it is the bird nest. The shape of bird nest is most typical and thus represented. The abstraction directed connect to our visual perception. Our perception interpreted the image and in this case, we interpreted as the look of a bird's nest. This example is a concept base abstraction, which it is base on bird's nest.
The third example is symbol. This symbol suggests the meaning of peace. Symbol often suggest meaning from its form. The peace sign is taken from the form of dove and olive branch. Symbol can be very dynamic in meaning. The peace sign also sometimes represent the symbol of hippie movement due to its vast culture dependant in the 60s' and 70s'. The peace sign is also widely use in nuclear disarm campaign.